i blog it out because it is super easy and short.
haha. too boring larr actually. well lets proceed ,
Biogeochemical cycles
- its a natural cycling process,dynamic system means can be disturbed by human activities and i would summarise it as pollutions.
-fluxes of macronutrients lorr. the reason geologist study on these element is because of their biological well-being. i presume u guys know their importance to us respectively. LOL
-things to take note about the flowing of these essential element
Firstly,various form of these nutrients (inorganic ions or element la of cz) flows from the non-living(abiotic) large reservoir pool e.g. sedimentary for phosphorus on ocean floors/fluid for carbon and nitrogen to living component(biotic) ,the small active/cycling pool by a few ways which will be seen later. And back to the abiotic pool again. :)
Dimana the transfer of these chemicals in biological pathway and through geological processes will form a cycle keep on flow and flow and flow~ It happens in biosphere(sum and interaction between all ecosystem)
1.Interactions btw biotic and abiotic
2.Role of Decomposers
3.The Processes and importance of these nutrients to us
4.Strategy haha cheh kononnya
If essay come out. I'll draw the flow chart out 1st. thn elaborate frm the chart (most secure way) :)
Locate the source(reservoir pool) and the living component(active pool) then memorise those stupid but essential bacteria's scientific name P/S its a MUST *sigh*
Carbon cycle and Hydro Cycle is not important so i'll omit em' (if this year come out these 2 cycle i potong!) LOL
I know in words form vry hard to understand but nvm laarr since i so sien wtf i'll cut short and write main point
Phosphorus Cycle first larr. erm phosphorus is the essential component for nucleic acid (RNA DNA) , ATP,phospholipids,proteins etc..
Inorganic phosphate in rocks will erode and leach to freshwater,oceans(some dissolve in soil). dekat situ,those aqua organism will actively take in these inorganic phosphate. Lepas tu,they will die and decomposition takes place. then when they die,their corpse will sink to the ocean floor and sedimentation happen. henceforth a reservoir pool of inorganic phosphate is build on ocean floor ;) hundreds thousands yrs ltr. geological lands uplift will bring those inorganic phosphate up and they are now found in the rocks!
For those inorganic phosphate in rocks tat erode to soil,or by mining activities/industrial production of fertilisers ,it(inorg phosphate) will dissolve. As a result,active ions uptake by plant roots will occur and by assimilation,Organic phosphate is produced in plants and plants will die and then decay by decomposers or eaten by herbivores up food chain and they die and decompose by decomposer(lack of the decomposer info,anyone know plz tell me tq).
Excretory waste materials and shells bones teeth of animals oso will be decompose.
And turn to be dissolved inorganic phosphate ions in soil again. again and again.
Sulphur Cycle,
this one more fun,3 sources(SO2 in atmosphere,Hydrogen sulphide,H2S in soil,elementary Sulphur in rocks*the reservoir pool*) and 1 center(Sulphate ion,SO4 2-)
H2S derived from the decomposition of death animal corpse,faeces and plants by the anaerobic reducing bacteria,Desulphovibrio. H2S will be reduced to Sulphur by photosynthetic bacteria Chlorobium and Chromatium.
The Sulphur can either incorporated into rock to build up the reservoir pool OR will be oxidize by chemoautotrophic sulphur bacteria,Thiobacillus to form Sulphate ion,SO4 2-
The Sulphur in rocks will become SO2 in atmosphere by volcano eruption,mining and combustion of fuels. Oh ya i forgot 1,by industrial processes(fixation) to produce sulphate fertiliser. (inside those fertiliser gt sulphate ions) tats y fertiliser is needed ==.
The Sulphur dioxide will thn change to Sulphate ions by percipitation of acid rain.
Lastly,phew(so freaking sleepy alr) the sulphate ions will be absorbed by roots of plant then incorporate in plant protein(in R-SH form) then plant die decompose by Desulphovibrio OR plant eaten by animal (also in R-SH form it stores)thn animal mampus and excrete waste product thn decomposer start working and all,change back to HYDROGEN SULPHIDE.
R-SH - Organic Sulphydryl Group.
oh ya,sulphur is important to us once it transform to SH group and this SH group is used to synthesise coenzyme A,Biotin and one of the essential amino acid,Cysteine
Nitrogen Cycle,
Easy,just rmb Nitrogen gas,ammonium,nitrite,nitrate and nitrogen fixation will do.
Take Note,3 types of fixations. 2 naturally 1 by Haber process(refer inorganic chem or form 5 larr)
Story start from Nitrogen gas in atmosphere. the simple one dulu,Lightning! thn fix to Nitrogen dioxide and monoxide alr then they will dissolve in rainwater to form Nitrate,NO3.
OR ,by industrial(Haber) process to produce fertiliser and dlm tu got ammonium and nitrate.
OR, by Rhizobium,super famous nitrogen fixing bacteria .__. thn fix to ammonia and glutamine and is found in protein in plant. then same again,plant die,decomposed or feed by animal animal excrete urea and die decay all become Ammonium,NH4+
Nitrification by Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter bla bla..frm NH4+ -- NO2 (nitrite) --- NO3(nitrate) Of cz its a oxidation process larr. then denitrification by denitrifying bacteria,Thiobacillus denitrificans and convert to nitrogen gas again.The Nitrate oso will be actively uptake by plant root.
Lastly ,happening in soil. Free living bacteria,Nostoc and Azotobacter die and decay and undergo ammonification which is,i get from wiki.. all books oso xrak .. Bacteria, or in some cases, fungi, convert the organic nitrogen within the remains back into ammonium (NH4+) . So completed the nitrogen cycle sudah. Semoga ni kluar stpm thn ni ahaaa.
xoxo
